The two most common categories of process responses in industrial manufacturing processes are self-regulating and integrating. A self-regulating process response to a step input change is ...

Plant engineers and technicians are frequently asked to tune the controller when a control loop’s process value has prolonged or significant excursions from the set point. But in many instances, no ...

Dynamic optimisation and model predictive control (MPC) are at the forefront of modern process systems engineering, offering robust methodologies to address the challenges posed by time-varying ...

Advanced process control (APC) has incorporated and will continue to incorporate new technologies and methodologies that allow refiners and petrochemical plant operators to achieve and sustain ...

As chips shrink to the nanometer scale, precise control over every fabrication step becomes essential. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has emerged as a cornerstone of nanoelectronics, enabling the ...